I hope that my comments above will help the reader to understand what happens during the U-turn. In short, both types of U-turns lead to an increase in vertical and horizontal speed, however, for a planned maneuver, U-turns using the front free ends are generally preferable as leaving more “backlash” in case of calculation errors or sudden changes in the situation. Unfortunately, most of the unplanned, “panic” U-turns are made by just the brakes, which led to a considerable number of accidents. Continue reading →